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Mutual funds are regulated by governmental bodies and are required to publish information including performance, comparison of performance to benchmarks, fees charged, and securities held. A single mutual fund may have several share classes by which larger investors pay lower fees. Hedge funds and exchange traded funds are not mutual funds.

Mutual Fund Disclosures. The phrase “past performance is not an indicator of future performance” (or similar) can be found in the fine print of most mutual fund literature. Nonetheless, past performance of an investment fund or portfolio, and the management thereof, is frequently considered when judging the fund or the management of it.

In reality, a large percentage of actively managed mutual funds rarely outperform their index counterparts over an extended period of time because 45% [citation needed] of all mutual funds are "closet indexers" — funds whose portfolios look like indexes and whose performance is very closely correlated to an index (see the term R 2 or R ...

Jensen's alpha was first used as a measure in the evaluation of mutual fund managers by Michael Jensen in 1968. The CAPM return is supposed to be 'risk adjusted', which means it takes account of the relative riskiness of the asset. This is based on the concept that riskier assets should have higher expected returns than less risky assets.