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Configurational analysis. In cultural and social studies, configurations are patterns of behaviour, movement (→ movement culture) and thinking, which research observes when analysing different cultures and/ or historical changes. The term “configurations” is mostly used by comparative anthropological studies and by cultural history.
Electron shell. In chemistry and atomic physics, an electron shell may be thought of as an orbit that electrons follow around an atom 's nucleus. The closest shell to the nucleus is called the "1 shell" (also called the "K shell"), followed by the "2 shell" (or "L shell"), then the "3 shell" (or "M shell"), and so on farther and farther from ...
Octet rule. The bonding in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ): all atoms are surrounded by 8 electrons, fulfilling the octet rule. The octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb that reflects the theory that main-group elements tend to bond in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electronic configuration as a ...
The Bohr model is a relatively primitive model of the hydrogen atom, compared to the valence shell model. As a theory, it can be derived as a first-order approximation of the hydrogen atom using the broader and much more accurate quantum mechanics and thus may be considered to be an obsolete scientific theory.
In classical field theory, the configuration space of the field is an infinite-dimensional space. The single point denoted in this space is represented by the set of functions where and represents an index set. In quantum field theory, it is expected that the Hilbert space is also the space on the configuration space of the field, which is ...
The theory which gives a good description of these properties was developed. This description turned out to furnish the shell model basis of the elegant and successful interacting boson model . A model derived from the nuclear shell model is the alpha particle model developed by Henry Margenau , Edward Teller , J. K. Pering, T. H. Skyrme , also ...
e. In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the Aufbau principle ( / ˈaʊfbaʊ /, from German: Aufbauprinzip, lit. ' building-up principle '), also called the Aufbau rule, states that in the ground state of an atom or ion, electrons first fill subshells of the lowest available energy, then fill subshells of higher energy.
In quantum mechanics, an atomic orbital ( / ˈɔːrbɪtəl /) is a function describing the location and wave-like behavior of an electron in an atom. [1] This function describes the electron's charge distribution around the atom's nucleus, and can be used to calculate the probability of finding an electron in a specific region around the nucleus.